Abstract Phenols from wheat bran play an important role in improving the physiological function of human body because of their potential antioxidant capacity. However, most of the phenols in wheat bran exist in the form of insoluble binding, which limits their application in the field of food and medicine. In this paper, the modification of wheat bran by Penicillium solid-state fermentation (SSF) was studied. It was found that the content of free phenolic acids in wheat bran was significantly correlated with the activity of key hydrolytic enzymes in the fermentation process. On the fifth day of Penicillium fermentation, the content of free phenolic acids was the highest, which was 750.98 μg/g, which was 1.78 times higher than that of the control. The release of free phenolic acids was highest when wheat bran was treated with compound enzyme at 300 U/mL. Furthermore, the structure of wheat bran was significantly changed by fermentation with enzyme addition. On the 5th day of fermentation, the content of free phenolic acids was as high as 1500 μg/g, which was twice as much as that of fermented bran and 3.56 times that of unfermented bran.

Resumo: A indústria florestal desempenha um papel importante na economia global e tem influências significativas em nossas vidas e no meio ambiente em que vivemos. O rápido avanço das tecnologias digitais e as transformações industriais em direção à Indústria 4.0 também tem afetado a indústria florestal, principalmente os processos relacionados às compras florestais. A silvicultura 4.0 tem sido alvo de iniciativas de pesquisa nos últimos anos. No entanto, as publicações concentraram-se amplamente nas tecnologias digitais. Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar um framework para fornecer uma visão holística da Silvicultura 4.0 a partir de uma perspectiva da cadeia de suprimentos florestal. O framework consiste em quatro componentes principais, incluindo as tecnologias digitais pertinentes a cada uma das atividades de negócios da cadeia de suprimentos; a infraestrutura da rede; a inteligência do sistema de próxima geração; e o ecossistema digital da cadeia de suprimentos florestais colaborativa. Esses componentes são essenciais para que a transformação da indústria florestal, na direção de uma verdadeira interconexão entre todos os atores da cadeia de suprimentos. Alguns benefícios econômicos, ambientais e sociais esperados do Silvicultura 4.0 são discutidos, bem como os impactos e desafios potenciais.

Abstract: Forest industry plays an important role in global economy and has significant influences in our lives and the environment that we live in. With the rapid advancement of digital technologies and industrial transformations towards Industry 4.0, similar trend has been found in the forest industry and especially on its forest procurement side. Forestry 4.0 has been proposed as research initiatives in recent years. However, publications have largely focused on the digital technologies. This article is aimed at presenting a framework to provide a holistic view of Forestry 4.0 from a forest supply chain perspective. The framework consists of four major components including the digital technologies pertinent to each of the supply chain business activities; the network infrastructure; the next generation system intelligence; and the collaborative forest supply chain digital ecosystem. These components are essential for the forest industry transformation to become truly interconnected among its supply chain actors. Some economic, environmental, and social expected benefits of Forestry 4.0 are discussed as well as potential impacts and challenges.